Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix – strictly speaking, the vermiform appendix: a narrow, roughly finger-length extension at the beginning of the large bowel in the lower right abdomen. It can occur at any age, particularly often in children, adolescents and young adults, and is a common reason for abdominal surgery.
A typical sign is pain that often begins around the navel or in the upper abdomen and moves to the lower right abdomen over several hours. Loss of appetite, nausea or vomiting and a mild fever are common; walking, coughing or jolts make the pain worse. In children, older people and during pregnancy, the inflammation often shows itself less clearly.
Left untreated, the inflamed appendix can burst, and the lining of the abdomen (peritoneum) can then become inflamed. Severe or increasing abdominal pain, especially with fever, should therefore be assessed by a doctor promptly. Anyone whose life is in danger or who cannot get to a hospital on their own should call the emergency number 112.
Not every pain on the lower right is appendicitis. Inflammation of other parts of the bowel, urinary tract problems or, in women, gynaecological causes can feel similar. Only a medical examination can establish the cause.